The hydrogen peroxide Essay Example

The hydrogen peroxide Paper The substances that I am going to use in this investigation are Manganese Dioxide and Hydrogen Peroxide. The Manganese Dioxide is a chemical catalyst and will be used to speed up the breaking down of Hydrogen Peroxide. I am using a chemical catalyst because it would give a more accurate result compared to organic or biological catalysts. This because organic and biological catalysts are enzymes, which require a certain temperature and will need to be kept constant as they work best between that temperatures. For example, 37 degrees centigrade to 40 degrees centigrade are temperatures when enzymes work best. This is because enzymes are found in the human body and are used for digestion. Also the human body has a body temperature of 37 degrees centigrade, which is why the enzymes work best at that temperature. Enzymes such amylase is found in the mouth breaks down starch in to maltose. In the stomach pepsin is used to break down protein in to polypeptides. In the small intestines using the enzyme peptidase produces amino acids when polypeptides are broken down. Also this is where the maltose is broken down into glucose using the enzyme called maltase. Hydrogen Peroxide with a chemical equation of H2O2 looks very similar to the equation for water H2O however having an extra Oxygen atom compared to water but this changes the properties of Hydrogen Peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a very reactive compound that can be used for a variety of reactions including bleaching and disinfecting minor wounds. Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 is made up of two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. We will write a custom essay sample on The hydrogen peroxide specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The hydrogen peroxide specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The hydrogen peroxide specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2 looks like water H2O, but that extra oxygen molecule makes this natural water additive one of the most powerful oxidizers. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2 has many uses and is used to bleach textiles and paper products. Other industrial uses consist of Oil refining, Food processing, Landfills, etc. The Hydrogen Peroxide is constantly being broken down but at a slow rate. With the help of the catalyst, Manganese Dioxide this will speed up the decomposition of the Hydrogen Peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide typically decomposes to form water and oxygen at the rate of 10% per year. Here is the word equation for the reaction that I have just described: HYDROGEN PEROXIDE WATER + OXYGEN MANGANESE DIOXIDE Another way of describing this equation is in a balanced chemical equation: 2H2O 2H2O + O2 MnO2 Variables There are many things involved in this investigation, which could affect the speed the speed of this investigation. These called the variables. These variables consist of the surface area, the concentration, and the use of a catalyst, the amount of the catalyst and also the temperature. Heat, light, or a catalyst can accelerate the reaction. Surface area If the Manganese Dioxide has a large surface area increases the speed of the reaction because there will be more space covered by the Manganese Dioxide resulting in more of the Manganese Dioxide reacting with the Hydrogen peroxide hence increasing the speed of the reaction. And a smaller surface area will have a slower reaction rate compared to a larger surface area. Concentration of the Hydrogen Peroxide A high concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide would speed up the rate of decomposition. This because the concentration has an affect on how strong the Hydrogen Peroxide is. The higher the concentration the stronger the Hydrogen Peroxide is likely to be. So if the Hydrogen Peroxide has a stronger concentration that will mean that it is very reactive. Therefore being reactive means it will react faster and speed up the reaction.   The use of a catalyst There are two types of catalysts. They are biological catalysts and chemical catalysts. An example of a chemical catalyst is manganese Dioxide. A few examples of biological catalysts are carrots, potatoes and Liver. Catalysts are used to speed up reactions. Biological catalysts contain enzymes that break down certain substances in to other, easier to break down substances. The enzyme amylase, found in the saliva, breaks down starch into maltose. A disadvantage of using biological catalysts is that they rely on certain temperatures to ensure that they work best. Enzymes in your body work best at 37 degrees centigrade, which is your actual body temperature. When Manganese Dioxide is added to Hydrogen Peroxide, the Hydrogen Peroxide is begins to break down in to two substances. Hydrogen Peroxide breaks down in to Oxygen and water. To collect data I cannot measure the amount of water produced. This is because it will be very difficult to separate the water produced as it has been dissolved with the hydrogen peroxide. Instead I am going to measure the volume of Oxygen in centimetres cube, as the Oxygen bubbles will not easily dissolve in water. I am going to measure the oxygen by collecting the gas in a measuring cylinder, which is full of water. The theory is that when the gas goes in to the cylinder by a delivery tube, the oxygen gas pushes out the water. This process is called the downward displacement of water. I have chosen to investigate how the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide affects its decomposition. Prediction I think that if I increased the concentration of the Hydrogen Peroxide the speed of the reaction will increase. I also think that as I increase the concentration of the Hydrogen Peroxide, more Oxygen will be produced. This will happen because the higher the concentration the more easy it is for the Manganese Dioxide to react with the Hydrogen Peroxide. This because the concentration has an affect on how strong the Hydrogen Peroxide is.

Population vs Populace

Population vs Populace Population vs Populace Population vs Populace By Maeve Maddox Lately I have begun to notice speakers and writers using the word populace where I would expect to see the word population. For example: With a young and skilled workforce – 65% of Turkey’s 74 million populace is under the age of 34 – producing 500,000 graduates a year, Turkey is now classified as a fast developing economy. Meanwhile, 3.7 percent of the 2012 populace – or roughly 23,436 people – held doctorates. Both words, population and populace, derive ultimately from a Latin word for people, but the words entered English with distinctive meanings. From the beginning, population referred to the collective inhabitants of a place, whereas populace had the meaning â€Å"ordinary people† as opposed to the titled, wealthy, or privileged classes. In Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Little Princess (1905), the protagonist has been taught by her middleclass father to be kind to â€Å"the populace.† Thrust suddenly from a comfortable life into poverty, Sara learns what it is to be hungry. On the way to buy some buns, she notices a ragged little girl with â€Å"hungry eyes†: Sara knew they were hungry eyes the moment she saw them, and she felt a sudden sympathy. â€Å"This,† she said to herself, with a little sigh, â€Å"is one of the populace- and she is hungrier than I am.† Not only did the word populace refer to the less privileged part of the population, it was also used as a pejorative term for â€Å"the mob, the rabble, the unthinking masses.† Populace is increasingly used as a mere synonym for population, but its other connotations linger: The upper-middle class wants to lead an aroused populace against the true enemy, but the populace isn’t listening.- The American Interest, Vol. 6, No. 3, January 11, 2011. Population  is neutral, while  populace  often carries a superior tone toward the group it refers to.- The Grammarist The connotation of ignorance, fickleness, and tractability is present in the following quotations: A Scare A Week Keeps the Populace Meek The direction of the government is driven by raw emotion; it can change from one day to the next, depending on how effectively demagogues are able to harness and control the populace. An uninformed populace will fall for anything. The term argumentum ad populum, â€Å"appeal to the populace† is applied to the logical fallacy also known as â€Å"appeal to the masses† and â€Å"the bandwagon fallacy.† The verb sway is frequently found in tandem with populace: Choice of political candidates solely by popular referendum is one of the greatest dangers to a democracy as it opens the way for demagogues and liars to sway the populace with empty rhetoric and promises. In elections, the candidates make daily public appearances to sway the general populace. sway transitive verb: To cause to move backward and forward or from side to side. Populace may be taking on a new meaning when used with a modifier: â€Å"a portion of the general population perceived as having shared interests or characteristics.† Here are some examples in which populace is used to denote a segment of a larger population: Hernandez wants to assist Birmingham’s Hispanic populace. North Carolinas immigrant populace emphasizes the financial power of non-native residents via their vital contributions to the states economy. In our community, there are perspectives that continue to compromise and even endanger the lives of our most physically and/or cognitively disabled populace. Population remains the less ambiguous choice when referring to all the inhabitants of a place and not to a specified portion of them. Note: The adjective populous (â€Å"densely populated†) is often used erroneously for the noun populace: INCORRECT: The immigrant populous of the colonial era prompted, at least in part, Jean de Crevecoeurs concept of a new man that differed from European stock in both style and substance.- Egg Harbor Regional High School District, Atlantic County, New Jersey. CORRECT :   The immigrant populace of the colonial era prompted, at least in part, Jean de Crevecoeurs concept of a new man that differed from European stock in both style and substance. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†Difference between "Pressing" and "Ironing"40 Idioms with First

Copmleat my resarch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Copmleat my resarch - Essay Example The participation was anonymous. The questions used in the interviews were semi-structured. The first part of the interview consisting of six questions involved gathering some demographic data of the subjects. Some of this data is summarised in the table below. Personal names and the departments they work in are not included. This was followed by the further questions directly related to the purpose. Gender Age Home town University Interviewee 1 Male 39 Jeddah King Abdul Aziz University Interviewee 2 Male - Jeddah King Abdul Aziz University Interviewee 3 Interviewee 4 Findings from interviewee 1 The actual responses from the first interview are contained in Appendix B1. A summary follows. The department at King Abdul Aziz University began offering rich educational resources in multiple media for both real-time and asynchronous communication between instructors and learners nearly five years ago. Their distance education students receive the same, and their academic programmes are ful l of activities, animations and simulations. Student participation takes place through online discussions and group assignments and the material is available all the time from anywhere at their own convenience. The deanship is actively involved in research projects to ascertain student levels and satisfaction, and feedback ensures continuous improvement. Experiences are also shared with other institutions to develop collaboration and learn new things. The department’s objectives and goal is to â€Å"effectively contribute and support scientific development witnessed by the kingdom in general and King Abdulaziz University in particular†. Thirteen services are listed under the departmental contributions, which include (but are not limited to) the following: Provision of technical services Supervision of software programs and database Maintenance and monitoring of distance learning systems Updating software programs for raising the efficiency of educational processes The web applications in use by the department are an e-learning management electronic system (EMES), a virtual classroom system called CENTRA, the KAU electronic exam system and mobile learning. EMES is an integrated computer system for managing the educational process and facilitate interaction between students and faculty members. The CENTRA allows for instructors and students to participate in real time lessons and discussions with the aim to improve students’ learning experience. It is accessible via the Internet 24/7, and during the sessions, all tools are accessible at the discretion of the instructors such as questioning, drawing and participation. The KAU electronic exam is designed to provide an interactive experience for periodic tests and end of semester exams. The material is motivating and provides accurate data. It assesses achievement and provides reliable data. KAU also has plans to introduce mobile learning for mobile phones to enable to students to learn at thei r convenience. The method used for managing web projects is PMP. The website is updated whenever the need arises or new events occur and a link is available on the site to measure user satisfaction. The interviewee among a web development group used these methods. Its advantages are that everything is clear and there is a big documentation. As far as using agile methods is concerned, the interviewee had used it over a year ago but did not have much information about it and was not sure which kind